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          Introduction to Action Research  CONTENT 1. Meaning of Action Research  2. Definitions of Action Research 3. Objectives of Action Research 4. Characteristics of Action Research MEANING OF ACTION RESEARCH Kurt Lewin first coined the term "action research" in 1944. In his 1946 paper "Action Research and Minority Problems" he described action research as "a comparative research on the conditions and effects of various forms of social action and research leading to social action" that uses "a spiral of steps, each of which is composed of a circle of planning, action and fact-finding about the result of the action". In schools, action research refers to a wide variety of evaluative, investigative, and analytical research methods designed to diagnose problems or weaknesses—whether organisational, academic, or instructional—and help educators develop practical solutions to address them quickly and efficiently. Action research may also ...